ABSTRACT
El cáncer de piel es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en Uruguay así como a nivel mundial, donde muere una persona cada menos de cuatro días por ésta causa. La medida de prevención primaria más efectiva es tener hábitos de fotoprotección, lo cual se consigue mediante la educación en salud y campañas preventivas. En el presente trabajo se resumen los resultados del examen físico realizado a funcionarios del Hospital de Clínicas en el contexto de la Campaña de Prevención de Cáncer de Piel 2017 y los hábitos y conocimientos de fotoprotección de los mismos. La amplia mayoría de los asistentes considera que cuenta con información suficiente sobre cómo protegerse del sol, que proviene, en un 39% de los casos de la televisión. Aún asi, el 41% de ellos, sólo se protege en ocasiones especiales como viajes y verano y únicamente 3 de los participantes emplea medidas adecuadas. Con respecto a campañas previas, 94% no recordaba otra campaña de prevención de cáncer de piel y era la primera vez que concurría a una el 99% de los individuos, lo que pone en manifiesto la necesidad de reforzar la planificación y ejecución de campañas y medidas efectivas para la promoción y prevención del cáncer de piel en los próximos años a fin de lograr disminuir la incidencia de cáncer de piel que continúa en aumento.
O câncer de pele é a neoplasia maligna mais frequente no Uruguai e no mundo, onde uma pessoa morre a cada menos de quatro dias por essa causa. A medida de prevenção primária mais eficaz é ter hábitos fotoprotetores, o que é alcançado por meio de educação em saúde e campanhas preventivas. Este artigo sintetiza os resultados do exame físico realizado em funcionários do Hospital de Clínicas no contexto da Campanha de Prevenção do Câncer de Pele 2017 e seus hábitos e conhecimentos sobre fotoproteção. A grande maioria das pessoas considera que possui informações suficientes sobre como se proteger do sol, o que ocorre em 39% dos casos de televisão. Ainda assim, 41% deles são protegidos apenas em ocasiões especiais, como viagens e verão, e apenas 3 dos participantes usam medidas adequadas. Com relação às campanhas anteriores, 94% não se lembraram de outra campanha de prevenção do câncer de pele e foi a primeira vez que 99% dos indivíduos compareceram, o que evidencia a necessidade de reforçar o planejamento e a execução de campanhas e medidas eficazes para a promoção e prevenção do câncer de pele nos próximos anos, a fim de reduzir a incidência de câncer de pele que continua a aumentar.
Skin cancer is the most frequent malignancy in Uruguay as well as worldwide, where a person dies every less than four days for this cause. The most effective prevention measure is to have photoprotective habits, which is achieved through health education and preventive campaigns. This paper summarizes the results of the physical examination performed on officials of the Hospital de Clínicas in the context of the 2017 Skin Cancer Prevention Campaign and their habits and knowledge of photoprotection. The vast majority of individuals consider that they have enough information on how to protect themselves from the sun, which comes in 39% of television cases. Still, 41% of them are only protected on special occasions such as trips and summer and only 3 of the participants use adequate measures. With respect to previous campaigns, 94% did not remember another skin cancer prevention campaign and it was the first time that 99% of the individuals attended, which highlights the need to reinforce the planning and execution of campaigns and effective measures for the promotion and prevention of skin cancer in the coming years in order to reduce the incidence of skin cancer that continues to increase.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Personnel , Habits , Protective Clothing/statistics & numerical data , Sunscreening Agents , Uruguay/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Access to InformationABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de las conductas exposición y protección solar en un grupo de adolescentes y compararlos con un grupo de adultos en la Ciudad de México. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo en estudiantes de 16 a 18 años y en adultos mayores de 18 años. Resultados: Se encuestaron 748 alumnos, 60 % mujeres y 40 % hombres. El 90 % busca la sombra, el 70.1 % evita exponerse al sol de las 10 a las 16 horas y el 30.6 % usa filtro solar. De 620 adultos, 67.5 % mujeres y 32.4 % hombres, el 82.6 % buscan la sombra, el 60.2 % evita el sol de las 10 a las 16 horas y el 48.1 % utiliza filtro solar. El 72.9 % de adultos y el 80.8 % de adolescentes se exponen al sol debido a actividades domésticas. Discusión: Existe una tendencia similar en las conductas de protección y exposición solar en adolescentes y adultos. Es alta la prevalencia de uso de fotoprotector en adultos en comparación con los adolescentes.
Abstract Objective: To know the prevalence of sun exposure and protection behaviors in a group of adolescents and to compare them with a group of adults in Mexico City. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study in students aged 16 to 18 years and in adults older than 18 years. Results: Seven-hundred and forty-eight students were surveyed; 60 % were females and 40 % males; 90 % seek shade, 70.1 % avoid exposing themselves to the sun from 10.00 to 16.00 hours and 30.6 % use sunscreen. Out of 620 adults, 67.5 % were women and 32.4 % were men; 82.6 % seek shade, 60.2 % avoid the sun from 10.00 to 16.00 hours and 48.1% use sunscreen; 72.9 % of adults and 80.8 % of adolescents are exposed to the sun due to domestic activities. Discussion: There is a similar trend in sun protection and exposure behaviors in adolescents and adults. The prevalence of sunscreen use in adults is high in comparison with adolescents.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Radiation Protection/methods , Sunlight/adverse effects , Sunscreening Agents/administration & dosage , Health Behavior , Students/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Age Factors , MexicoABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#The incidence of melanoma increased rapidly throughout the last decades, with overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation being an established risk factor. Due to their intensive sun exposure, many student athletes (SAs) have an increased risk for skin cancer. The Clever in Sun and Shade Program (CSSP) aims at enforcing positive attitudes toward UV protection (UVP) and at supporting sports schools in establishing UVP strategies.@*METHODS@#CSSP was developed in 2019 using participatory program planning (PPP) as well as following WHO recommendations for UVP at schools. After drafting first material, within a PPP groups were conducted at a partner school (convenience sample 1) with students (n = 20), teachers (n = 5), school administration (n = 2), and coaches (n = 5). Materials were then adapted. Program acceptance and feasibility were tested at two further schools (convenience sample 2) with PPP groups of students (n = 95) and school administration (n = 2). Content analyses and descriptive statistics were conducted.@*RESULTS@#Less than 50% of SAs and coaches of sample 1 expressed positive attitudes toward UVP, less than 10% reported appropriate UVP behavior. By using PPP, program material was adapted to the target groups' needs, i.e., by including specific barriers and solutions. Only the most accepted video drafts were produced. The majority of SAs of sample 2 (80-86%) used predominantly positive adjectives such as "important" and "positive" to describe the completed videos and the behavior self-check poster.@*CONCLUSIONS@#PPP process has greatly influenced concept and materials of CSSP for sports schools. Integration of future program participants has proven to be an important component in creating a fitting and feasible program. CSSP for sports schools is a program free of charge that enables sports schools to integrate UVP into their daily routine. It will be disseminated in cooperation with German Olympic Sports Confederation and German Cancer Aid in 2021.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Athletes , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Melanoma , Program Development , Schools , Skin Neoplasms , Sports , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
RESUMEN Se realizó la presentación de dos pacientes con poroqueratosis de Mibelli por ser una dermatosis poco frecuente, por lo que debe ser de interés para los profesionales de diferentes disciplinas, bien por relacionarse con el cáncer de piel o con disímiles enfermedades. Los pacientes estudiados fueron: paciente femenino de 62 años de edad, piel blanca y ocupación ama de casa. Fue remitida por presentar piel con fototipo cutáneo II, una lesión en placa de color amarillento, bordes elevados, hiperqueratósicos, centro atrófico de 1 cm de diámetro; localizada en cara ántero-externa de pierna derecha. El otro paciente, de 59 años, sexo masculino, piel blanca, y ocupación pescador. Solicitó los servicios por presentar piel fototipo cutáneo II lesión en placa de color amarillento, bordes elevados, hiperqueratósicos, centro atrófico de 2cm de diámetro, localizada en cara póstero-externa de antebrazo derecho. Se les realizó biopsia de ambas lesiones. El diagnóstico fue la poroqueratosis de Mibelli para la prevención del cáncer de piel. Ambos pacientes presentaron en común fototipo cutáneo II y otras manifestaciones cutáneas inducidas por la exposición solar. La terapéutica utilizada fue la extirpación quirúrgica, que resultó también el proceder diagnóstico Se orientaron medidas para la prevención del cáncer de piel con bloqueadores solares, y protegerse de los rayos solares con ropa adecuaday otros accesorios (AU).
ABSTRACT Two patients with Mibelli´s porokeratosis were presented because it is a few frequent dermatosis that might be of interest for professionals of different disciplines since it is related to skin cancer and to several other diseases. The first studied patients was 62 years old, female, white, and a housewife, remitted due to presenting skin with cutaneous phototype II, a yellowish lesion in plaque, risen, hyperkeratoid borders and atrophic center of 1 cm diameter, located in the anterior-external face of the right leg. The other patient was 59 years old, male, white, and a fisherman. He assisted the service presenting skin with cutaneous phototype II, a yellowish lesion in plaque, risen, hyperkeratoid borders and atrophic center of 2 cm diameter, located in the posterior-external face of the right forearm. A biopsy of both lesions was carried out. The diagnosis was Mibelli´s porokeratosis. Both patients presented a common cutaneous phototype II and skin manifestations induced by the sun exposition. The used therapeutic was the surgical removal, that also was the diagnosis procedure. Preventing skin cancer with sun blockers was oriented and also wearing adequate clothes and other accessories (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Diseases , Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control , Porokeratosis/diagnosis , Porokeratosis/therapy , Photochemotherapy , Biopsy/methods , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Health Education , Patient Education as Topic , Risk Factors , Protective Factors , Health PromotionABSTRACT
La incidencia de cáncer de piel ha aumentado, por lo que la detección precoz puede ser beneficiosa. Se ha sugerido que los dermatólogos son una población de alto riesgo para desarrollar cáncer de piel. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la frecuencia de autoexamen, consulta dermatológica y cáncer de piel en un grupo de dermatólogos chilenos. Pacientes y métodos: Se confeccionó una encuesta de 8 preguntas, hecha personalmente, durante 4 meses, a 143 dermatólogos de la Sociedad Chilena de Dermatología (46,7%). Las variables analizadas fueron: sexo, edad, fototipo de Fitzpatrick, frecuencia de autoexamen, consulta a otro dermatólogo, antecedente de melanoma maligno (MM), carcinoma basocelular (CBC), carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) y queratosis actínica (QA), y razones para no realizarse examen cutáneo en forma regular. Resultados: El 60% de encuestados se hacía autoexamen, pero 48% afirmó hacerlo sólo ocasionalmente. Con respecto a si solicitan ser evaluados por otro dermatólogo, el 81% no lo hace, del 19% que si lo hace, un 69% consultaba sólo ante una lesión llamativa. Finalmente, el 17% de encuestados refirió haber tenido neoplasias cutáneas. Entre ellas 12% para QA, 5% para CBC, 2% para CEC y ningún melanoma. Conclusión: La mayoría de los dermatólogos encuestados se realiza autoexamen, pero no regularmente, y raramente hacen consultas de chequeo a sus colegas, la mayoría solicita evaluación por otro dermatólogo ante una lesión sospechosa.
Abstract: Skin cancer incidence has increased worldwide; early detection may be beneficial. Some evidence suggests dermatologists as a high-risk population for developing skin cancer. The aim of this study was to assess how often Chilean dermatologists consult with colleagues for check ups, to evaluate the frequency of self-skin examination and the frequency of skin cancer in this group. Patients and methods: A sample of 143 members (46,7%) of the Chilean Society of Dermatology responded an eight items questionnaire, in a face-to-face manner. Evaluated variables were: sex, age, Fitzpatrick phototype, self-skin examination frequency, frequency for consult s with another dermatologist, previous history of malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis, and reasons to perform or not in themselves regular skin examination. Results: 60% performed regular self-skin examination, but only 48% did it regularly. Concerning whether they consulted another dermatologist, 81% didn´t, and between the 19% who do consult, 69% of them consulted only in case of a suspicious lesion. Finally, 17% of the surveyed people referred history of skin cancer. 12% were actinic keratosis, 5% basal cell carcinoma, 2% squamous cell carcinoma and no melanoma was declared. Conclusion: Most of surveyed dermatologists perform occasional self-skin examination, and rarely do regular check ups with colleagues, most of them consulted another dermatologist only if a suspicious lesion was found.